OPTIMIZING HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE BIOREACTORS: A FOCUS ON EFFICIENCY AND DESIGN

Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors (HFMBs) are gaining increasing recognition/popularity/adoption in a variety of biotechnological applications due to their versatility/adaptability/flexibility. These systems offer several advantages, including high productivity/output/efficiency, compact design, and the ability to operate under sterile/controlled/a

Polyvinylidene fluoride modules (PVDF) have emerged as a promising technology in wastewater treatment due to their benefits such as high permeate flux, chemical durability, and low fouling propensity. This article provides a comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy of PVDF membrane bioreactors (MBRs) for wastewater treatment. A variety of factors i